Function of Cytotoxic T lymphocyte simplified

"Cytotoxic T cells use enzymes as their weapons. Stab, punch holes & hypnotize the cell to die.. They are rightly called the killer T cell."


Killer T cell function

Halloween Vampire

Starring Eosinophil as "Count Dracula"

Thymus dependent activation of B lymphocytes simplified

"Activation makes the B cell a hero & bestows new responsibilities to it."

Thymus dependent activation of B lymphocyte

Antibody structure simplified

"Antibodies are weapons used by the B cell."
An antibody is a large Y-shaped protein produced by B cells.

Functions of antibodies simplified

Antibodies swim around & bind to antigens. This prevents antigens from binding & damaging other cells.

Antibody binds to antigen.
Antibodies coat the antigen (opsonization) & alert the phagocytes to destroy (eat) the antigen.
Opsonization - Pathogen is marked for ingestion and destruction by a phagocyte. 
Antibodies activate the complement pathway to remove or destroy the pathogen.
Antibody activates complement cascade.

Mediates ADCC (Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity)

Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC)

Morphology of lymphocytes

"Lymphocytes are the smartest warriors. These masterminds command the whole immune system. Since they are small, they attack from a distance."

Lymphocytes (B cells & T cells) morphology

Monocytes & macrophages simplified

"Monocytes are the late-comers but they are here to stay. This everyday cell moving in blood transforms into a larger phagocytic cell in extra vascular tissue, the macrophage."
Monocyte